Type-writing machine.



W. WRIGHT.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

ARPucAUoN mio FEB. 19. 1915.

Putentd Dec. 14, 1915.

3 SHEETS-sunk.

vn. nn Y A R .IIII `I.\I...NIIIM/ W. WRIGHT.

TYPE wRmNG MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. IB. 1915.

Patentd Dec. 14, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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Nm. 2 o2 8S W. WRIGHT.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED Fia. I8. I9I5.

Patend Dec. 14, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

"i L2 L I I E3 LII L UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE.

WALTER WEIGHT, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO

UNDEBWOOD COMPUTING MACHINE COMPANY, 0F NEW YQRK, N. Y., A COR- PORATION 0F LARI?y YORK.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Deo. 14, 1915.

Original application led August 16, 1907, Serial No. 388,766. Divided and this application tiled February 1s, 191s. .serial No. 8,989.

, 27o, all .whom t may Concern Be it known that I, WALTER WRIGHT, a clti'zen of the United States, residing in New York, in the county of New York and State of' New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Type-Writing Machines, of which the following is a speciication.

My invention relates to typeWriting machines, and is herein disclosed as applied to a Monarch type'writing machine, which, in the present instance, is Asomewhat reconstructed in order to adapt it to be connected to computingr mechanism driven by a source of power.

The present application is a division of my application 388,766, tiled August 16, 1907, wherein the source of power is an electric motor, which not only drives the computing mechanism, but also drives the typewriter carriage in letter-feeding direction.

According to the present invention, the typewriter is provided with a device for variably spacing or shifting the carriage in connection with the writing of numbers, and this device may comprise a series of keys for shifting or spacing said carriage back.

ward to any desired number of letter-spaces. The mechanism may also include a device for concomitantly line-spacing the platen ywith every back-spacing operation, thus providing that whenever .the carriage is brought back to enter a new item or new matter, the work-sheet on the platen will be properly fed forward.

Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear'.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side view largely diagrammatic and partly in section showing my invention as applied to a Monarch typewriting machine. Fig. 2 is a detail of the back-spacing mechanism seen at the lower right-hand corner of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view of a pawl and ratchet` connection in the spacing mechanism. Fig. l is a sectional view of part of the platen line-spacing mechanism. Fig. 5 is a front view of the spacing keys and an adjacent scale. Fig. G is a rear view of the spacing devices. seen in Fig. 2, and some adjacent parts. Fig. 8 is a plan view of Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a view Fig. 7 is a view of parts similar to Fig. 2 and showing similar parts in a somewhat different position. Fig. 10 is a side view showing the connections to. the platen line-spacing mechanism.- Fi'g. 11 is a detail of the friction powerdrive. Fig. 12 is a detail of the escapement mechanism showing the connections between the escapement Wheel and its pinion.

In the Monarch typewriting machine, keys 1 on the front ends of key levers 2, depress said levers to swing rearwardly the upper ends of sub-levers 3 pivoted thereon, so that said sub-levers, by links 4 swing type-bars 5 upwardly and rearwardly, with the result that types 6 on said bars strike against the front side of a platen 7. Said platen forms part of the usual Monarch typewriter carriage 8, which in the present instance, constantly tends to move in letterfeed direction due to the tension exerted thereupon by an electric motor 9, which is suitably mounted at the right-hand side of the machine frame, and which may be constahtly driven, said .motor having a slip friction clutch between its shaft 10 and a. pinion 11, so that said pinion' tends constantly to drive a horizontal rack 12 fast on the carriage 8, to carry said carriage in letter-feeding direction. The friction clutch includes a washer 13 fast on the shaft 10 and a spring 14 which surrounds said shaft and constantly urges the pinion 11 against said washer, said spring abutting at its outer end against a bearing plate 15 fast to the outer end of the shaft 10. The rack 12 forms the lower member of a yoke or frame whose horizontal upper member lis directly fastened to said carriage, said yoke extending to the right an appreciable distance, so as topermit the necessary movements of the carriage.

The typewriter carriage is normally held against being driven. by the motor 9 'by means of a suitable escapement, which, in the Monarch typewriter, usually comprises the usual letter-feeding dogs 16 and 17, which are adapted to alternately engage the usual escapernent wheel 18, said escapement wheel being connected to the usual pinion 19 which meshes with the usual rack 20, said last-named rack being connected to the typewriter carriage in the usual manner.

In order to enable the dogs 16 and 17 to engage the escapement wheel 18 alternately to thus feed the carriage, there is usually provided in the Monarch typewriter a universal bar 21 underlying the key-levers 2, said universal bar forming part of a frame having a rearwardly extending arm 22, which therefore, vibrates downwardly whenever any printing key is depressed, thus drawing down on the usual link 23 and rocking the bell crank frame 24 to which said link is usually pivoted, which frame carries the escapement dogs 16 and 1,7. To permit the carriage to have an independent movement backwardly or to the right independent of the escapement wheel, the escapement wheel 18 is connected to its pinion 19 by th usual pawls 25.

The carriage travels along on the usual tracks which include the ball races 26 with the balls 27 therein. If it is desiredat 'any time to back-space the carriage, any one of a series of keys 28 at the front and bottom 'of the typewriter frame may be pressed rearwardly against the tension of the coil spring 29, surrounding it so that a rack 30 on the rear end of the rod 31 on which said key is mounted, will move rearwardly and mesh with and rotate its pinion 32, of which pinionsthere is one for every key 28. These keys are herein shown as especially adapted for back-Spacing in connection with the writing of numbers in decimal amounts, and for this purpose, eachkey bears on its front, an' index indicating to what point it will move said carriage, the right-hand key for example being marked 1 the next to the left being marked 10, the next 100, and the next with a period to indicate that it represents thel pointing olf place between the hundreds and thousands, and so on, the highest key being marked 10,000,000, Whenever Aany one of these keys is thus pushed rearwardly, to rotate its pinion 32, its rack 30 rotates said pinion to an extent dependent on the travel of the key 28 and its rod 31. To limit this travel, each of the key rods 31 is provided with a lug 33 near the rear end thereof, and this lug is placed at such a distance from a support 34 in which the key-rod slides, that the free travel of said lug, before striking the support 34, will give the pinion 32 a sufficient amount of rotation, and therefore return the typewriter lcarriage to the right extent.

lThe front portions of the key rods 31 are guided in guide-ways 35 and 36, in order to steady them. Whenever any spacing key 28 thus rotatesits pinion 32, the shaft 37 on which said pinion is fast. is rotated, of course, to the same extent as the pinion 32. Thus the shaft 37 is universal to all the pinions 32, and the racks 30 are made of such length that they normally stand clear of their pinions 32, thereby allowing the shaft f frame of the typewriter.

37 to rotate freely without being influenced bv any other rack 30. When the shaft 37 is thus rotated, a bevel pinion 38 loosely mounted thereon rotates, through the agency of a subsequently-described pawl and ratchet device, a vertical shaft 39 by means of a bevel pinion 40 on said shaft 39', which pinion 40 meshes with the bevel pinion 38, and this rotation revolves a much larger gear wheel 41 adjacent the carriage of the typewriter, said gear wheel being constantly in mesh with a rack bar 42, fast on the rear The result of this construction is. that whenever any spacing key7 28 is pushed rearwardly it will rotate the .shaft 37 and thereby return the typev ,writer carriage to an extent depending on the length of its rack 30. The return of the typewriter carriage in this manner can be effected because the pawls of the escapement pinion 19 move backwardly over their ratchet wheel, and this allows said pinion 19 to turn independently of the escapement wheel 18. The universal shaft 37 for effecting this spacing or shifting action, is carried in journals 43 fast at the rear ends of the lower frame of the typewriter, and the vertical shaft 39 rotates in journals 44 and 45 near the center of the rear top and bottom of the typewriter frame.

' In order to permit the keys 28 to return freely without having to drag the typewriter shaft 37, the pawl and ratchet device mentioned above and Shown in Fig. 3, where the ratchet 46 is seen as driving the bevel pinion 38 by a pawl 47 pivoted on the bevel pinion 38.. This permits the shaft 37 to rotate idly with the returning spacing key 28, owing to the fact that then the pawl 47 slips idly over the inclined sides of the teeth of the ratchet wheel 46. Every time any one of the spacing keys 28 is pushed rearwardly to so Space the carriage, it line-spaces the platen on sai carriage. For this purpose, the platen is journaled as usual on the `carriage and includes a ratchet wheel 48 fast on the shaft of the platen 7. To coperalte with this ratchet wheel for rotating the p aten` there is provided a key-operated pawl 49, which is so connected that every time any one of the spacing keys 28 is pressed rearwardly, said pawl positively rotates the said platen in line-space direction. To do this, each rod 31 of each spacing key 28 is provided at one lside thereof, and near the rear end, with a shaft having fast thereon, a bail 57, whichl ali its bell crank 51, the horizontal arm 53 of `lsaid bell crank draws down on a link 54, said links all being,r pivoted at their upper ends in rock arms on a shaft 56, said bail is carried on rock arms 58 fast on the shaft 56. This bail therefore, whenever any spacing key v28 is pushed rearwardly, is rocked rearwardly, and so said bail dra-Ws rearwardly a line-space pawl 49, which is slidahly attached to said bail by means .of an extension 59 having an opening 60 which permits said extension to slide laterally along the bail 57 as the typewriter travels from place toplace during the operation of the machine. The pawl i9 is normally held so as to he ready for a line-spacing operation, and for this purpose is drawn forward by means of a spring 61 anchored in a pin 62 on the extension V59 of the pawl, which spring pulls said pawl through a guide standard (33 of the machine, in which the extension 5f) slides, said standard furnishing a bearing of sufcient length to prevent the extension from bindingr on the bail 57.

The pins which accomplish this linespaeing, are so located that they are e'ective on their respective bell cranks 51 after the carriage has been completel y returned to the desired distance by a spacing rack 30. Thus the operative does not have the load ot' returning the carriage and of line-spacing the platen at the same time. but at the time when the kev is relieved of the load of returning the' carriage, the line-spacing mechanism comes into play, this making the work much easier on the nger of the operativ More over this reduces the possibility of the line space pawl binding on the bail 57. t lf it is desired to do back-spacing alone without effecting any line-spacing, the operating` part 4-9 of the line-spacing pawl may be swung rearwardly so that it will rest upon the standard 63 of the typew iter, the pawl including, for this purpose, a pivot G4, on which its said operating part is pivoted so that it will swing on its extension 59. This is an advantage if it is desired to variably back-space the carriage in order to correct errors in an already written line.

In order to render the machine useful not only in writing and correcting numbers written in thousands, but also in numbers peoed off in. dollars and cents, I have prov', an eXtra scale 65 on the typewriter Ashown in Fig. 5, adjacent the keys, in whicn pointing off in dollars is' shown. Thus by merely remembering 'which kind of work the operative has in hand, it is possible to use the back-spacing keys almost automatically without stopping to consider which key is to be used. By having this second scale distinct from the keys and adjacent them, the possibility of the operative s being mixed up between the two scales is greatly minimized, while at the same time,

tthe convenience of either scale is practically said carriage, a pinion constantly in mesh y with said rack, carriage-shifting keys adapted to position said carriageby said rack, a platen for Said carriage, and means for conoomitantly line-spacing said platen.

2. In a typewritingmachine, the combination with a traveling carriage, of a rack on said carriage. a pinion constantly in mesh with said rack, carriage-shifting keys adapted to position said carriage by said rack, a platen for said carriage, means for concomitantly line-spacing said platen, and means whereby said line-spacing means may be ineffective.

3. In a typewriting machine, the combination with typewriter printing keys and a traveling carriage, of a rotating electric motor, a rack on said carriage, a pinion meshing with said rack, and a slip clutch between said pinion and said motor adapted to drive said carriage.

4. In a typewriting machine, the combination with typewriter keys and a traveling carriage, of carriage-shifting keys for positioning said carriage, a rack associated with cach key, a universal shaft provided with a pinion adapted to be operated by cach rack, a rack on said carriage, ay gear meshing1 with said rack, and means whereby said universal shaft is elfective to rotate said gear to position said carriage.

5. In a typewriting machine` the combination with tyi'iewriterlys and a traveling carriage, of carriage-Shifting keys for positioning said carriage, a rack associated with each key, a universal shaft provided with a pinion adapted to be operated by each rack, a rack on said carriage, a gear meshing with said rack, means whereby said universal shaft is effective to rotate said gear to position said carriage, a rotatable platen mountn ed in said carriage. and a line-spacing means for said platen adapted to be operated by said keys aftersaid carria e is positioned.

6. In a typewriting mac iine, the combination with a travelingr carriage and a letterfeeding device for said carriage, of a constantly driven electric motor, a Slip device between, said motor and said carriage for constantly exerting tension on said carriage, and an array of backspacing keys adapted to return said carriage part Way along a line to a variable extent against the tension of said motor.

7. In a typewriting machine, the combinallt) tion with a traveling 'carriage and a letterfeedmg device for said carriage, of a constantly driven electric motor, a sllp device Abetween said motor and said carriage for between said motor and said carriage, an array of back-spacing keys adapted to return said carriage part way along a line to a variable fxtent against the tension of said motor, a platen mounted in said carriage, me: ns for line-spacing said platen when said back-spacing keys are made effective, and connections whereby said back-spacing is ei'ected including devices whereby the line-spacing is effected after the backward movement of the carriage is completed.

9. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a letter-feeding carriage and an array of spacing keys, of a rack associated with each of said keys, a pinion for each rack, 'and normally clear of its rack, and means for variably rotating said pinions by said racks to return said carriageto variable extents.

10. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a letter-feeding carriage and an array of spacing keys, of a rack associated with each of' said keys, a pinion for each rack, and normally clear of its rack, means for variably rotating said pinions by said racks to return said carriage to variable extents, a platen on said carriage, and means for concomitantly line-spacing said platen when a key is operated to space said carriage.

11. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a letter-feeding carriage and an array of spacing keys, of a rack associated with each of said keys, a pinion for each rack, and normally'clear of its rack, means for varia-bly rotating said pinions by said racks to return said carriage to variable extents, a rotating electric motor, a. slip connection between` said motor and said carriage'whereby said motor constantly tensions said carriage, a platen on said carriage, and means for concomitantly linespacing said platen when a key 1s operated to space said carriage. I i

12. ,In a typewm'ting machine, the comb1- nation with a travling carriage and a spacing key for said carriage, of a. rack operable by said key, a pinion operable by said rack, a pin connected to said rack, a platen on said carriage, line-spacing means for said platen, and connections whereby said key first rotates said pinion to re-locate said carriage and when said re-location is complete operates said line-spacing means by said 13. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a traveling carriage and a spacing key for said carriage, of a rack operable by said key, a pinion operable by said rack, a' pin connected to said rack, a platen on said carriage, line-spacing means for said platen, connections whereby said key irst rotates said pinion to re-locate said carriage and when said re-location is complete operates said line-spacing means by said pin, and means whereby the line-spacing meansmay be silenced at will.

14. The combination, with a letter-feeding carriage, a platen thereon, and line-spacing mechanism for said platen; of a set`of manually-driven keys; connections between said keys and said carriage directly and positively actuated by the manual operartion of said keys for directly and positively shifting said carriage, in'one direction, to different selected positions; and connections between said keys and said linespacing mechanism for concomitantly operating the latter when a key is operated.

15. The combination, with a letter-feeding carriage, a platen thereon, and linespacing, mechanism for said platen; of a set of manually-driven keys; connections between said keys and said carriage directly and positively actuated by the manual operationof said keys fpr directly and posi` tively shifting said carriage, in a direction reverse to letter-feeding motion, to different selected positions; and connections between said keys and said line-spacing mechanism for concomitantly operating the lat- Y ter when a key is operated.

' 16. The combination, with a letter-feeding carriage, a platen thereon, and line-spacing mechanism for saidplaten; of a set of manually-driven keys; connections between said keys and said carriage directly and positively actuated by the manual operation of said keys for directly and positively shifting said carriage in one direction, distances corresponding to diHerent predetermined plural numbers of letter-spaces; and connections between said keys and said linespacing mechanism for concomitantly operating the latter when a key is operated.

17. The combination with a letter-feeding carriage, a platen thereon, and line-s acing mechanism for said platen; of a set o manually-driven keysglconnections between said keys and said carriage directly and ,positively actuated by the manual operation of said keys for directly and positively shifting said carriage, in a direction reverse to letterfeeding motion, to different predetermined plural numbers of letter-spaces; and connections between said keys andr said linespacing mechanism for concomitantly operating the latter whenv a key ,is operated.

18. The combination with a carriage` a platen thereon, and line-spacing mechanism for said platen; of a set of manually-driven keys; connections between said keys and said carriage operative by the actuation of said keys for directly and Apositively shifting 'said carri in one direction, for a period of operation corresponding to one, two, or three, etc., units according to the key actuated; and'connections between said keys and said line-spacing mechanism for concomitantly operating the latter when a key is actuated. Y 19. The combination with a carriage, a platen lthereon, and line-spacing mechanism for said platen of a vset of manually-driven keys; connections between said keys and said carriage operative by the actuation of said keys for directly and positively shifting said carriage in a direction reverse to letter-feed- -ing motion, for a period of operation-,cor-

responding to one, two, or three, etc., units .according to the key actuated; and connections between said keys and said line-spacing mechanism for concomitantly. operating the latter when a' key is actuated.

20. The combination with a platen, and line spacing mechanism therefor; of selective manually-driven devices connected to space said platen different definite predetermined eXtents; and connections between said devices and said line-spacing mechanism for operating the latter concomitantly with the actuationI of a selected device.

21; The combination with a letter-feeding carriage,`a platen thereon, .and line-spacing mechanism for said platen; of a push-rod movable endwise in one direction; and connections whereby said push-rod during a single movement, initially rfi-positions said carriage, and subsequently `operates said -line-snacing mechanism.

22. The combination, with a letter-feeding carriage, a platen on said carriage', and'linespacing mechanism for said platen; .of a push-rod movable endwise in one direction, and connections whereby said push-rod, during a single movement` initially shifts said carriage in a direction reverse to letter-feeding motion, and subsequently operates said line-spacing1r mechanism.v

23. The combination, with a carriage, a platen thereon, and line-spacing mechanism for said platen; of a push-rod; and 4connections whereby said push-rod, during a single movement in one direction, re-positions said carriage and operates `said line-spacing v mechanism.

. 24. The combination, with a carriage, a platen thereon, and line-spacing mechanism for said platen; of a push-rod; and connections whereby said push-rod, during a single nections whereby said push-rod, during a single movement, initially shifts said carriage a predetermined plural number of letter-spaces,"in a direction reverse to letterfeeding motion, and subsequently operates said line-spacing mechanism.

27. The combination, with a letter-feeding carriage, a platen thereon, and line-spacing mechanism for said platen; of a push-rod provided with a rack; a pinion initially engageable by and subsequently disengageable from said rack during,r a single movement of said pushrod, connections between said pinionY and said carriage for shifting the latter in one direction; and means operable by said push-rod subsequent to the disengagement of said pinion for operating said line-spacing mechanism.

28. The combination, with a letter-feeding carriage, a platen thereon, and line-spacing mechanism for said platen; of a push-rod provided with a rack; a pinion initially engageable by and subsequently disengageable from said rack during a single movement of said push-rod; connections between said pinion'and said carriage for shifting the latter in a direction reverse to letter-feeding motion; and means operable by said pushrod subsequent to the disengagement of said pinion forA operating said line-spacingmechanism.

29. The combination, with a letter-feeding carriage, a platen thereon, and line-spacing mechanism for said platen; of a selective set of push-rods movable endwise in one direction; and connections whereby any one of said push-rods, during a single movement shifts said 'carriage in one direction and operates said line-spacing mechanism, each push-rod operative to shift said carriage yto a different extent.

ics

30. The combination, with a letter-feeding *i mechanism for said platen; of a selective set of push-rods movable endWise in one direction; and connectionswhereby any one of said push-rods, during a single movement, successively shifts said carriage in one direction and operates said line-spacing mechanism, each push-rod operative to shift said carriage to a different extent.

31. The combination, With a letter-feeding carriage, a platen thereon, and line-spacing mechanism for said platen; of a selective set of push-rods movable endwise in one direction; and connections whereby any one of said push-rods, during a single movement, shifts said carriage in a direction reverse to letter-feeding'motion and operates said line-spacing mechanism, each push-rod operative to shift said carriage to a different extent.

32. The combination, with a-letter-feeding carriage, a platen thereon, and line-spacing mechanism for said platen; of a selective set of push-rods movable endwise in one direction; and connections whereby any one ofsaid push-rods, during a single movement successively shifts saidcarriage in a direction reverse to letter-feeding motion and operates said line-spacing mechanism, each push-rod operatlve to shift said carriage to a' di'erent extent.

33. The combination, in a typewriting machine, of a carriage movable step-by-step; a frame fixed to said carriage and having its lower member provided Witha rack; a continuously-rotatable electric motor; and a. driving train leading to said rack from said motor and including a slip clutch.

34. The combination, in a typewriting machine, of a carriage: movable step-by-step; a depending frame having its upper member fixed to said carriage, and its lower member provided with a rack, said frame normally projecting at one end beyond the machine frame; a continuously-rotatable electric motor connected to one side of said machine frame beneath the projecting end of the rack frame; and a driving train leading to said rack from said motor and including a slip clutch.

35.'In a typewriting machine, the combination of a'paper carriage, line-spacing mechanism for the paper thereon, and mechanism for effecting lateral movements of said carriage to different predetermined extents and effective also to operate said line-spacing mechanism.

36. In a typewriting machine the combination of a traveling paper support, and mechanism operative on said support to initially move the paper in one direction alon with said support to different predetermlned extents and to subsequently move the paper relatively to said support in another direction.

37. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, a paper feeding device thereon, an operating shaft for said device, and mechanism operative to effect lateral movements of said carriage to different predetermined extents and also to actuate said operating shaft.

38. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a paper-carriage; line-spacing mechanism for the paper thereon; and a multiple-space key connected to effect both a multiple-space movement of said carriage, and an operation of said'line-spacing mechanism.

'39. In a typewriting machine,'the combination of a paper-carriage; line-spacing -mechanism for the paper thereon; and a set of multiple-space keys each connected to effect both a multiple-space movement of said carriage, and an operation of said line-spacing mechanism, each of said keys operative to effect a multiple-space movement of said carriage of a different extent.

40. In a printing machine, the combination of paper-feeding means carriage-shift ing mechanism; printing keys; and a set of carriage-shifting keys operative on both the carriage-shifting mechanism and the paperfeeding means.

41. In a printing machine, the combination of: a set of printing keys; a set of keys separate therefrom; means for advancing the carriage; means for moving the carriage backward; and paper-feeding mechanism, the second-named keys being operative both on said carriage-moving means and said paper-feeding mechanism.

WALTER WRIGHT.

Witnesses: W. O.-WESTPHAL, JULIUS DUCKSTINE.

Copies of patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner Patents,

shington, D. 0. 

